Credit: Illustration: Sarah Grillo/Axios

The big picture: Insulin pricing is especially urgent because it’s an old drug with no alternatives that millions of people depend on. But unless drug makers voluntarily lower their prices, after raising them for years, there’s no easy path to make insulin more affordable.

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By the numbers: Eli Lilly, Novo Nordisk and Sanofi control almost the entire insulin market. Together, those companies had about $22 billion in global insulin revenue in 2017.

These are the per-vial list prices for common insulin brands, according to Elsevier’s Gold Standard Drug Database:

  • Novo Nordisk’s Novolog: $289
  • Eli Lilly’s Humalog: $275
  • Sanofi’s Lantus: $270
  • Walmart sells an older type of insulin for $25 a vial, but many patients don’t want to switch treatments.

Between the lines: Most patients don’t pay the full list price for insulin, but people who are uninsured or have a high-deductible insurance plan do.

Why it matters: “It’s really one of my greatest fears,” said Clayton McCook, […]

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