The incredible shrinking future of college

Stephan:  I was wondering what the effect of America's economic issue plus the pandemic, and declining birth rates would have on colleges. Here is an assessment.
Illustration by Violeta Encarnacion

In 2021, Shippensburg University won the NCAA Division II Field Hockey championship, completing an undefeated season with a 3-0 victory over archrival West Chester. The “Ship” Raiders also won it all in 2018, 2017, 2016, and 2013, which I know because I saw it written in big letters on a banner festooning the fieldhouse on Ship’s campus in south-central Pennsylvania when I visited last month.

Ship was in fine form. Young men and women wearing logoed Champion sweatshirts bustled between buildings. There was a line at the coffee shop in the student union. It was the kind of bright-blue autumn day that you would see on a brochure.

There was no way to tell, from the outside, that Ship was a shrinking institution. Or that the problem is about to get a lot worse — not just here, but at colleges and universities nationwide.

In four years, the number of students graduating from high schools across the country will begin a sudden and precipitous decline, due to a rolling demographic aftershock […]

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Six million Americans carried guns daily in 2019, twice as many as in 2015

Stephan:  This is what America's obsessive gun psychosis has produced. We are becoming a nation, particularly in Red states, of armed individuals. That inevitably will mean an increase of people wounded or murdered by gunfire, plus increased suicides by gun. Nearly 40,000 men, women, and children had died from gunfire in the United States so far this year, and the year is not over. If we get to 100,000 dead or wounded in a year do you think that will wake us up, or are we just going to become a country where everyone goes around carrying a gun? Let's also be clear that overwhelmingly those who are armed are conservative Republican Whites.
Credit: Ted S Warren / AP

An estimated 6 million American adults carried a loaded handgun with them daily in 2019, double the number who said they carried a gun every day in 2015, according to a new study published in the American Journal of Public Health.

The new estimates highlight a decades-long shift in American gun ownership, with increasing percentages of gun owners saying they own firearms for self-defense, not hunting or recreation, and choosing to carry a gun with them when they go out in public, said ​​Ali Rowhani-Rahbar, a professor of epidemiology at the University of Washington, and the study’s lead author.

A landmark supreme court case this summer overturned a New York law that placed strict limits on public gun-carrying, ruling, for the first time, that Americans have a constitutional right to carry a handgun for self-defense outside the home.

While recent surveys show that nearly a third of American adults say they personally own a gun, the percentage who choose to regularly carry a firearm in public is smaller, with about a third of […]

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America’s unique, enduring gun problem, explained

Stephan:  Think about this: "Every day, more than 110 Americans die at the end of a gun. American guns are concentrated in a tiny minority of households: just 3 percent own about half the nation’s guns, according to a 2016 Harvard and Northeastern University study. They’re called “super owners” who have an average of 17 guns each," as this essay describes. This is the sickness, the cancer, that eats away at the wellbeing of America.

On Tuesday, a gunman allegedly killed six people and injured four at a Walmart in Chesapeake, Virginia. That came just days after a 22-year-old man allegedly killed five people and wounded 18 more at an LGBTQ nightclub in Colorado Springs, Colorado. And earlier this month, a shooter allegedly targeted members of the University of Virginia football team, killing three people and injuring two others as students traveled back to Charlottesville from a school trip to Washington, DC.

These incidents are among more than 600 mass shootings — an incident during which four or more people are shot, as defined by the Gun Violence Archive — that have taken place in the US this year. They follow shootings at a Fourth of July parade in Highland Park, Illinois this summer; at a hospital in Tulsa, Oklahoma in June; at an elementary school in Uvalde, Texas in May; and at a supermarket in Buffalo, New York in May.

No other high-income country has suffered such a high death toll from gun violence. Every day, more than 110 Americans die at the end of a gun, including suicides and homicides, an average of 40,620 per year. Since 2009, there has been an annual average […]

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Next Covid-19 Strain May be More Dangerous, Lab Study Shows

Stephan:  As I have been telling you viruses mutate, and here is a report on a just published South African study showing that we are far from through with Covid, and Covid is, in my opinion, just the first of a sequence of pandemics. As climate change worsens a range of viruses will mutate to cope with their changed circumstances, so we are going to see more Covids, not Covid itself, and a virus for which we have no real protection until a vaccine is developed, so every few years a pandemic is likely to occur, and we need to prepare for that.
A technician works on Covid-19 antibody neutralization testing at the African Health Research Institute in Durban, South Africa. Credit: Bloomberg

A South African laboratory study using Covid-19 samples from an immunosuppressed individual over six months showed that the virus evolved to become more pathogenic, indicating that a new variant could cause more illness than the current predominant omicron strain. 

The study, conducted by the same laboratory that was to first test the omicron strain against vaccines last year, used samples from a person infected with HIV. Over the six months the virus initially caused the same level of cell fusion and death as the omicron BA.1 strain, but as it evolved those levels rose to become similar to the first version of Covid-19 identified in Wuhan in China.

The study, led by Alex Sigal at the Africa Health Research Institute in the South African city of Durban, indicates that the Covid-19 pathogen could continue to mutate and a new variant may cause more severe illness and death than the relatively mild omicron strain. The […]

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People in Portland Planted Trees. Decades Later, a Stunning Pattern Emerged

Stephan:  This is part of how a society fosters wellbeing. Think about how relatively inexpensive planting the trees was, and how impressive its affirmative social effect has been. This is the kind of thinking we need from Congress, instead of the culture war we now have. To see the research paper upon which this report is based go to: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412022005360?via%3Dihub

Money may not grow from trees, but something even better does.

In a new study led by the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) Forest Service, researchers found that each tree planted in a community was associated with significant reductions in non-accidental and cardiovascular mortality among humans living nearby.

On top of that, the study’s authors conclude the yearly economic benefits of planting trees dramatically exceed the cost of maintaining them, by a factor of more than 1,000.

Previous studies have linked exposure to nature with an array of human health benefits. Access to nature is a major factor for mental health, and that doesn’t necessarily require the greenery to be primeval wilderness. Research shows urban forests and street trees can offer comparable benefits.

Several longitudinal studies have shown that exposure to more vegetation is associated with lower non-accidental mortality, the authors of the new study note, and some have also linked exposure to greenery with reduced cardiovascular and respiratory mortality.

“However, most studies use satellite imaging to estimate the vegetation index, which does not distinguish different types of vegetation and cannot be directly translated […]

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