When Cyrus the Great conquered Babylon in 539 B.C., he encountered the same problem many political leaders face today: How do rulers keep the peace?

Cyrus, the King of Persia, was in the midst of building the largest empire that the world had ever seen. By his death in 550 B.C., his reign would extend from present-day Turkey to India.

For Cyrus, establishing control over vast miles of land with peoples of different cultures, languages and faiths created numerous obstacles in unifying his kingdom. The king sought order, not more war. ‘It is the first time anyone has had to address that challenge,

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