Research has long shown that Black people live sicker lives and die younger than white people.

Now a new study, published in JAMA, casts the nation’s racial inequities in stark relief, finding that the higher mortality rate among Black Americans resulted in 1.63 million excess deaths relative to white Americans over more than two decades.

Because so many Black people die young—with many years of life ahead of them—their higher mortality rate from 1999 to 2020 resulted in a cumulative loss of more than 80 million years of life compared with the white population, the study showed.

Although the nation made progress in closing the gap between white and Black mortality rates from 1999 to 2011, that advance stalled from 2011 to 2019. In 2020, the enormous number of deaths from covid-19—which hit Black Americans particularly hard—erased two decades of progress.

Authors of the study describe it as a call to action to improve the health of Black […]